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기본보고서

지방자치단체 재난관리체계의 개선방안

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영문제목 A Study on the Development of Emergency Management System in Korean Local Government
연구자 이병기 김건위
발간연도 2008
다운로드 지방자치단체 재난관리체계의 개선방안 file_download
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 이 연구는 재난관리의  1차적 대응역할을 수행하고 있는 지방자치단체의 재난대처방식에 어떠한 문제점이 있는가를 살펴보고, 그에 따른 시사점을 도출하는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위하여 지방자치단체의 재난관리 대응사례(태안기름유출사고: 허베이 스피리트호)에 나타난 문제점과 시사점은 무엇인지를 모색하는데 초점을 두었다. 이러한 연구목적을 달성하기 위하여 관련 연구논문을 검토하여 분석틀을 구성하였으며, 분석틀에서는 재난관리 대응방식을 정책 집행적 측면에서 접근하였다.
   연구결과를 몇 가지로 요약하면, 첫째, 업무배분 및 수행의 합리성이 갖추어져 있지 않았으며, 둘째, 지자체의 유기적 협력을 증진하기 위한 재난대응체계가 통합되어야 할 필요성이 제기되고 있으며, 셋째, 추진기구 및 인력의 충원, 마지막으로 민간부문과의 공동대응이 필요한 것으로 나타났다. 이 밖에 사고지역에 대한 신속하고 장기적인 모니터링의 실시를 통하여 유류 피해에 대한 정량적이고, 객관적인 정보를 생산하고 공유함으로써 신속하고 장기적인 대책마련에 활용할 필요가 있었다.
The purpose of this study is to improve emergency management system in Koreanlocal government. In this paper, we discuss institutions and implementation ofemergency management system in Korean local government. For this, we review andanalyze the literatures on emergency management in Korea.We recognized that the frequency and degree of emergency are increasing as timegoes on. In addition, impact of the emergency is beyond local government's boundaryand it is not easy for local government itself to manage the emergency case.First, with regard to system integration, central government officially operates theintegrated system, but the system integration in the central government is notcompleted. Moreover, local government has not had a official integrated system, buta separated one.Second, in the organization perspective, there is an internal communication gapbetween fire administration bureaucracy and general administration bureaucracy.Although emergency task is closely related to official's speciality, first of all,emergency task is just assigned and circulated regardless of official's specialty. Next,there is lack of response capacity in the emergency field. In particular, emergencycooperation is not easy if emergency team is composed of with the non-specialists.Also, it is important to get a strong support from the chief officials because the chiefofficials do not give the first priority to emergency management.Third, in terms of emergency cooperation, the cooperation system does not worksince the local government does not have any power to mobilize emergencymanagement resources. Even if emergency happens, the local government does nothave any authority to utilize military and police emergency equipment. Thus, we canspeak emergency response is beyond the local government's ability.Fourth, related to professionalism, the local government official's frequent jobrotation would be a barrier to have a know-how about emergency administration. Aswe see in the case of HEBEI SPIRIT Vessel in TaeAn, 2007, emergency expertise isimportant and it is not a limited matter only to local government.Based on the problematic issues above, most of all, local government has to buildup emergency management system in terms of professional officials and emergencyexpertise. For this, it is desperate for local government to have emergencymanagement authority through institutional rearrangement.Finally, the detailed strategies to operate the emergency management system in thelocal level are presented in this paper.■

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